One of the long-term objects for managing natural ecosystems, is conserving species diversity. Considering to the importance of evaluation and monitoring the species diversity in order to understanding management practices, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of enclosure and over grazing on the species diversity of genetic cache in the Trshyzvk and the rangelands of Khadem Abad in Ferdows city of Baghestan. In each key area, four transects of 100 meters were located and random-systematic sampling 1m2plots were put along with the transects. The first plot was randomly located and other plots were laid out with a distance of 20 meters from each other and finally 20 plots were laid out. In all plots, density and canopy cover percentage of all species, were measured. Species richness, evenness and dominance indices were calculated. Also, to investigate significancy and non-significancy of Shannon-Wiener evennes index, t-student test was used. Species richness in Trshyzvk genetic cache 20 species and in the Baghestan rangelands Khadem Abad was 10 species. The results showed that the speceis diversity of Shannon - Wiener index for determining the evennes of protected Trshyzvk genetic cache was 3.704 and in the Baghestan rangelands Khadem Abad was 1.928 were significantly different (P<0.005). Enclosure and conservation increase species diversity having more ecological sustainability comparing to the area under heavy grazing, resulting in a moderate and high presence of species with variable ecological ranges.