Investigating the Distribution Pattern of Fritillaria imperialis in the Mahenshan Region of Zanjan Province

Moradi , Latafat; Mortazavi, Najmmaddin; Alaei , Mitra

[Home ] [Archive]

[ فارسی ]

Main Menu

Home

Journal Information

Articles archive

For Authors

For Reviewers

Registration

Contact us

Site Facilities

Search in website

Receive site information

Volume 12, Issue 25 (3-2025)

PEC 2025, 12(25): 195-205

Back to browse issues page

Investigating the Distribution Pattern of Fritillaria imperialis in the Mahenshan Region of Zanjan Province

Latafat Moradi¹

, Najmmaddin Mortazavi ^*

, Mitra Alaei³

1- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjn, Zanjn, Iran
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjn, Zanjn, Iran, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjn, Zanjn, Iran , Mortazavi46@gmail.com
3- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjn, Iran

Abstract: (1781 Views)

Selecting appropriate methods for accurately measuring density in shrublands with varying plant densities and distribution patterns is of great importance. Fritillaria imperialis grows extensively in the high-altitude regions of Kahkiloyeh and Boyer Ahmad, Ashtrankuh in Lorestan, the Samsami Mountains of Chahar Mahal Bakhtiari, Golestan Kuh in Khansar, and the Al-Arqan Mahenshan area in Zanjan Province. The Mahenshan Protected Area in Zanjan Province is one of the natural habitats of this rare and endangered species in Iran. In the spring of 2023, this study was conducted to plan and manage the conservation of Fritillaria imperialis and its habitat conditions, using distribution pattern indices. To determine the spatial distribution pattern of plant species in the Mahenshan Protected Area (Al-Arqan), a fixed-area "sampling plot" method was used. A sampling area of approximately 10,000 m² was selected, and sampling was conducted along two transects (20 × 50 m) with 1 × 1 m quadrats. Each case was measured randomly and systematically, and density was calculated by counting all samples. In this study, the distribution of Fritillaria imperialis was analyzed using Taylor, Iwao, and Morris indices. The calculated values for the distribution indices of Fritillaria imperialis using the Taylor, Iwao, and Morris methods showed significant differences at the 5% statistical level. The results indicated that at an elevation of 1800–2000 m, the coefficients for Taylor’s b, Iwao’s β, variance-to-mean ratio (ID), Morisita’s Iδ, and k were 1.27, 1.36, 1.37, 1.17, and 14.91, respectively. At an elevation of 2000–2200 m, these values were 1.45, 1.48, 1.45, 1.25, and 21.48, respectively, indicating an aggregated distribution pattern at both elevation levels. However, the comparison of quadratic coefficients across all methods showed that as elevation increased, population aggregation decreased, and the distribution pattern of Fritillaria imperialis tended toward randomness. Based on the results and the absence of significant differences among the indices, all three indices (Taylor, Iwao, and Morris) can be used to assess the diversity and distribution of Fritillaria imperialis.

Article number: 13

Keywords: Distribution indices, Conservation, Environment, Rare and natural resources

Full-Text [PDF 1703 kb] (610 Downloads)

Type of Study: Research | Subject: Special
Received: 2024/06/24 | Accepted: 2024/09/30 | Published: 2025/04/22

References

1. Chawla, A., Rajkumar, S., Singh, K. N., BrijLaland, R.D.S., Thukral, A.K. 2008. Plant species diversity along an altitudinal gradient of Bhabha Valley in Western Himalaya. Journal of Mountain Science. 5:157-177.

2. Gray, L., He, F.L. 2009. Spatial point-pattern analysis for detecting densitydependent competition in a boreal chronosequence of Alberta. Forest Ecology and Management, 259: 98-106.

3. Iwao, S. 1968. A New Regression Method for Analyzing the Aggregation Pattern of Populations. Researches on Population Ecology Journal, 10: 1- 20.

4. Jennett Rostami, M., Zare Chahoki, M., Azarnivand, H., Ebrahimi Darche, Kh. 2008. Investigating and analyzing the distribution patterns of several plant species in the pastures on the edge of Sultan Qom reservoir. Journal of Watershed Research, (84): 72-80.

5. Kooch, Y., N. Ghorbanzadeh, K. Haghverdi., R. Francaviglia, 2023. Soil quality cannot be.

6. Longuetaud, F., Seifert, T., Leban, J. M., Pretzsch, H. 2008. Analysis of long-term dynamics of crowns of sessile oaks at the stand level by means of spatial statistics. Forest Ecology and Management, 255(5-6), 2007-2019.

7. Maestre, F. T., Escudero, A., Martinez, I., Guerrero, C., Rubio, A. 2005. Does spatial pattern matter to ecosystem functioning? Insights from biological soil crusts. Functional Ecology, 566-573.

8. Morisita, M. 1962. I σ-Index, a measure of dispersion of individuals. Researches on population ecology, 4(1), 1-7.

9. Omidi M., Kaboli M., Karami M., Salmanmahini A., Hasanzadeh Kiaee B. 2010. Modeling.

10. Taylor, L. R. 1961. Aggregation, variance and the mean. Nature, 189(4766), 732-735.

11. Trugilho, P.F., Lima, J.T., Mori, F.A. 2003 Canonical correlation of physical and chemical characteristics of wood of Eucalyptus grandis e Eucalyptus saligna clones. Cerne: 9(1): 66-80.

12. Wei-dong, H., Xiu-mei, G., Lin-feng, L. 2001. Spatial pattern of dominant tree species of the secondary monsoon rain forest in Linjiang, Guangdong province. Journal of Forestry Research. 12(2): 101-104.

13. Zhang, Y., Li, J.M., Chang, Sh.L., Li, X., Lu, J.J. 2012. Spatial distribution pattern of Picea schrenkiana population in the Middle Tianshan Mountains and the relationship with topographic attributes. Journal of Arid Land, 4(4): 457-468.

Send email to the article author

Add your comments about this article

Mendeley

Zotero

RefWorks

Moradi L, Mortazavi N, Alaei M. Investigating the Distribution Pattern of Fritillaria imperialis in the Mahenshan Region of Zanjan Province. PEC 2025; 12 (25) : 13
URL: http://pec.gonbad.ac.ir/article-1-984-en.html

Rights and permissions
	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Volume 12, Issue 25 (3-2025)

Back to browse issues page

Persian site map - English site map - Created in 0.08 seconds with 37 queries by YEKTAWEB 4732