The Effect of Topographic Properties on the Quantity and Quality of Essential Oil of Bunium persicum Boiss in Siahdarreh Habitat of Khorasan Razavi Province

Najib, Somayeh; Azarakhshi, Maryam; Farzadmehr, Jalil; Abbaszadeh, Bohloul

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Volume 12, Issue 25 (3-2025)

PEC 2025, 12(25): 158-173

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The Effect of Topographic Properties on the Quantity and Quality of Essential Oil of Bunium persicum Boiss in Siahdarreh Habitat of Khorasan Razavi Province

Somayeh Najib¹

, Maryam Azarakhshi ^*

, Jalil Farzadmehr³

, Bohloul Abbaszadeh⁴

1- , Department of Nature Engineering and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Torbat Heydarieh, Torbat Heydarieh, Iran
Department of Nature Engineering and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Torbat Heydarieh, Torbat Heydarieh, Iran, Department of Nature Engineering and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Torbat Heydarieh, Torbat Heydarieh, Iran , m.azarakhshi@torbath.ac.ir
3- Department of Nature Engineering and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Torbat Heydarieh, Torbat Heydarieh, Iran
4- Research institute of forests and rangeland, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

Abstract: (1719 Views)

Several factors, such as topography, soil conditions, and climate, affect the quantity and quality of secondary metabolites in pasture plants. This research investigates the effect of altitude and aspect on the quantity and quality of Persian black cumin essential oil in the Siahdarreh habitat of Roshtkhar city, Khorasan Razavi province. Maps of elevation classes, aspect, and homogeneous work units of the studied area were prepared in a GIS environment. Sampling was conducted in July 2022 using a systematic random method in specified treatments across three height classes and three slope directions. Three samples were taken in each treatment, totaling 27 samples. The chemical compounds of the essential oil were determined using a GC-FID device. The results showed that the highest efficiency of essential oil production (4.4%) was at an altitude of 1500–1700 meters on the southern aspect, while the lowest (2.9%) was at the same altitude on the northern aspect. Fifteen chemical compounds were identified in black cumin essential oil, with the most abundant being cuminaldehyde (43.80%) and the least being sabinene (0.13%). The results indicated that altitude had no significant effect on the quantity of Persian black cumin essential oil at the 5% level. However, the mean efficiency of essential oil production showed significant differences at the 1% level across different geographical aspects. Additionally, altitude had no significant effect on the different compounds of black cumin essential oil at the 5% level. However, there was a significant correlation at the 5% level between the efficiency of essential oil production and some chemical compounds across different aspects. The highest efficiency of essential oil production was observed on the southern aspect due to increased light and irradiation time. If the goal is to harvest Persian black cumin seeds with a high percentage of essential oil in the Siahdarreh habitat, it is recommended to collect seeds from the southern slopes.

Article number: 11

Keywords: Efficiency of Essential Oil Production, Essential Oil Compounds, Habitat Conditions, Persian Black Cumin

Full-Text [PDF 1853 kb] (754 Downloads)

Type of Study: Research | Subject: Special
Received: 2024/05/18 | Accepted: 2024/10/30 | Published: 2025/04/22

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Najib S, Azarakhshi M, Farzadmehr J, Abbaszadeh B. The Effect of Topographic Properties on the Quantity and Quality of Essential Oil of Bunium persicum Boiss in Siahdarreh Habitat of Khorasan Razavi Province. PEC 2025; 12 (25) : 11
URL: http://pec.gonbad.ac.ir/article-1-979-en.html

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Volume 12, Issue 25 (3-2025)

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